V-Dem Institute

Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) is a unique approach to conceptualizing and measuring democracy. V-Dem distinguishes between five high-level principles of democracy: electoral,...

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Datasets
  • Elite Consultation (1789 – 2021)
    Updated January 26, 2023 | Created January 26, 2023
    "The variable denotes the best estimate of the extent to which political elites consult other elites across the political spectrum and from relevant sectors of society and...

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